EUA | European University Association

University mergers in Europe

  • Click on the map for an overview of mergers in a given country.
  • Click on the grey panel to search mergers on different criteria.
  • Use the timeline at the bottom to filter mergers for a specific period.
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About EUA

The European University Association (EUA) represents and supports over 800 higher education institutions and associations in 49 countries. 17 million students are enrolled at EUA member universities. Members of the Association are European universities involved in teaching and research, national associations of rectors and other organisations active in higher education and research.

EUA plays an essential role in shaping tomorrow’s European higher education and research landscape thanks to its unique knowledge of the sector and the diversity of its members. The Association’s mandate in the Bologna Process, contribution to EU education and research policy-making and relations with intergovernmental organisations, European institutions and international associations, ensure its capacity to represent and debate issues which are crucial for universities.

EUA is building strong universities for Europe through targeted activities aimed at supporting their development. These focus on:

  • Developing common policies in areas where universities have a vital interest in working together at European or international level.
  • Communicating these policies to a wide range of stakeholders and partners to ensure that the voice of universities is heard and also that individual members are aware of and can contribute to policy debates impacting on their development.
  • Offering a coherent programme of events and other services to support all member institutions. Such events and activities seek to develop universities knowledge and expertise though projects that involve and benefit institutions and inform policy making at all levels.
  • Strengthening the leadership, governance and management capacities of universities through mutual learning and exchange.

The underlying aim of EUA’s work is to develop and advocate common policies for European universities that will contribute to creating a coherent higher education and research system for Europe built on strong, autonomous and well-funded universities able to act in an increasingly complex and global environment.

Thanks to its interaction with its members and a range of other European and international organisations, EUA ensures that the independent voice of European universities is heard wherever decisions are being taken that will impact on their activities. For further information, visit www.eua.eu.

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About the tool

Background and objective

The objective of the EUA University Merger tool is to map institutional mergers in the university sector across Europe.

It is based on the data collected by the European University Association originally throughout the DEFINE project. In the framework of this project, EUA has explored strategies for efficient funding of universities and has notably analysed the phenomenon of merger and concentration processes in the sector. This analysis is detailed in the thematic report University mergers in Europe, published in 2015, and the subsequent 2019 briefing.

The DEFINE project has received support from the Lifelong Learning Programme of the European Union (2012). This website reflects the views only of the author, the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.

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Definition and Scope

A merger is considered to have taken place when at least one institution has ceased to exist as a legal entity, having been incorporated into either a new or existent institution. However, the cases recorded in this tool include hybrid cases, such as the Flemish university associations and French university communities. While in such cases the founding institutions may retain their legal entity, the newly created institution is deemed significant enough in terms of funding mechanisms, international cooperation and branding to be included here. This type of “umbrella” organisations are also set up in a wider context of system restructuring, and are therefore considered relevant for the purposes of the present analysis.

This tool maps university mergers that are formally in effect since 2000 onwards. The geographical coverage corresponds to EUA membership.

An update of the tool was carried out in the first trimester of 2019, bringing the total number of cases beyond 120, from a total of 10 countries.

 

Data collection

Data has been assembled via the information EUA collects from its member universities, as well as from the National Rectors’ Conferences in the frame of the DEFINE project.

Data has been validated with the National Rectors’ Conferences and by consulting the websites of the institutions concerned.

The following information has been collected for each merger case:

  • Name of the newly created institution
  • City: legal seat of the institution
  • Location: campuses and operations concentrated in one city / metropolitan area or organised in several cities
  • Date of merger: date by which the new institution takes formally over the founding institutions
  • Number of students: available as headcount and/or full-time equivalents (the reference year is indicated)
  • Website address
  • Name and type of founding institutions: the tool distinguishes among five possible types:
    • University UNI
    • University of applied sciences UAS
    • Business school BSC
    • Specialised institution SPE
    • Research organisation ROR

This necessarily crude categorisation only partially caters for Europe’s diversity in the field. The wealth of varied cases across Europe that are recorded in the tool means that a detailed analysis of the status and nature of activities of each founding institution is not possible, also often as the information related to the former institution is not available anymore.

Please note that the same institution may have been involved in subsequent merger processes, particularly in so-called vertical mergers whereby a large institution absorbs successively smaller ones. Such processes are recorded separately in the tool but are signalled in such a way that it is clear to the user that they are related processes.

EUA welcomes feedback and suggestions regarding the merger cases recorded in the tool through this form. It can also be used to provide information about cases which could be added, as long as they concern countries where EUA has full members (see here EUA’s membership directory). Feedback can also be sent to the email address: funding@eua.eu.

Technical note: please empty the cache of your browser in case you encounter difficulties with the map.

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Country sheet

Belgium

Flanders and the French-speaking Community have been facing the challenge of excessive fragmentation and have sought to address the need for more international visibility and competitiveness. Several mergers in the 90’s and the 2000’s have paved the way for a larger-scale concentration process. In Flanders, the higher education landscape has been re-organised around 5 “university associations” in 2002-2003. In 2013, the “academisation” process came to an end when all the former 2 cycle programmes from the university colleges were formally integrated in the university they are associated with. Roughly about 10% of overall student population has been moved from university colleges to the universities.

In the French-speaking Community, multi-actor platforms gather universities and other higher education institutions, after the number of universities has been reduced from 9 to 6 in 2012.

 

List of mergers and associations

Total of mergers and associations

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  • 2011
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City sheet

Antwerp

Antwerp University Association

  • Location One city

    Merger year 2003

  • Number of students 20109

    Reference year: 2014

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website http://www.auha.be/

Institutions involved

  • University of Antwerp uni
  • Karel de Grote University College uas
  • Artesis Plantijn University College Antwerp uas
  • Antwerp Maritime Academy spe

University of Antwerp

  • Location One city

    Merger year 2003

  • Number of students 18800

    Reference year: 2008

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website http://www.uantwerpen.be

Institutions involved

  • Universitaire Faculteiten Sint-Ignatius Antwerpen uni
  • Rijksuniversitair Centrum Antwerpen uni
  • UIA (Universitaire Instelling Antwerpen) uni
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City sheet

Ghent

Ghent University Association

  • Location Several cities

    Merger year 2003

  • Number of students 41000

    Reference year: 2014

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website http://www.augent.be/

Institutions involved

  • Ghent University uni
  • University College Ghent uas
  • Artevelde University College Ghent uas
  • University College West Flanders uas
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City sheet

Leuven

KU Leuven Association

  • Location Several cities

    Merger year 2002

  • Number of students 55533

    Reference year: 2014

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website http://associatie.kuleuven.be/

Institutions involved

  •  Thomas More uas
  • Katholieke Hogeschool VIVES uas
  • University College Odisee uas
  • LUCA School of Arts uas
  • Katholieke Hogeschool Limburg uas
  • Katholieke Universiteit Leuven uni
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City sheet

Liège

University of Liège (1)

  • Location One city

    Merger year 2005

  • Number of students 20000

    Reference year: 2013

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website http://www.ulg.be

Institutions involved

  • University of Liège uni
  • HEC-Liège bsc

University of Liège (3)

  • Location Several cities

    Merger year 2011

  • Number of students 20000

    Reference year: 2013

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website http://www.ulg.be

Institutions involved

  • University of Liège uni
  • Institut supérieur d'architecture Saint-Luc de Liège spe
  • Institut supérieur d'architecture Lambert Lombard spe

University of Liege

Institutions involved

  • University of Liege uni
  • The Agronomical University College of Gembloux spe
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City sheet

Louvain-la-Neuve

UCL Catholic University of Louvain

  • Location Several cities

    Merger year 2011

  • Number of students 28856

    Reference year: 2013

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website http://www.ucl.be

Institutions involved

  • UCL Catholic University of Louvain uni
  • Facultés universitaires catholiques de Mons uni
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Country sheet

Croatia

List of mergers

Total of mergers

  • 2000
  • 2001
  • 2002
  • 2003
  • 2004
  • 2005
  • 2006
  • 2007
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  • 2009
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  • 2011
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City sheet

Pula

Juraj Dobrila University of Pula

  • Location One city

    Merger year 2006

  • Number of students 5000

    Reference year: 2009

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website http://www.unipu.hr/

Institutions involved

  • "Dr. Mijo Mirković" Faculty of Economics and Tourism spe
  • Faculty of Philosophy in Pula spe
  • Higher Teacher Education and Training School in Pula
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Country sheet

Czech Republic

List of mergers

Total of mergers

  • 2000
  • 2001
  • 2002
  • 2003
  • 2004
  • 2005
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  • 2007
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  • 2009
  • 2010
  • 2011
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  • 2022
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Country sheet

Denmark

In an important system-level process whereby several universities merged and integrated research institutes, the number of Danish universities has been halved between 2005 and 2012. There have also been massive merger processes among university colleges.

List of mergers

Total of mergers

  • 2000
  • 2001
  • 2002
  • 2003
  • 2004
  • 2005
  • 2006
  • 2007
  • 2008
  • 2009
  • 2010
  • 2011
  • 2012
  • 2013
  • 2014
  • 2015
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  • 2019
  • 2020
  • 2021
  • 2022
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City sheet

Aalborg

Aalborg University

  • Location Several cities

    Merger year 2007

  • Number of students 20115

    Reference year: 2014

    Type of counting: Headcount

    Number of students 14661

    Reference year: 2014

    Type of counting: FTE

  • Website http://www.aau.dk

Institutions involved

  • Aalborg University uni
  • Danish Building Research Institute ror
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City sheet

Aarhus

Aarhus University (1)

  • Location Several cities

    Merger year 2006

  • Number of students 29550

    Reference year: 2007

    Type of counting: Headcount

    Number of students 17467

    Reference year: 2007

    Type of counting: FTE

  • Website http://www.au.dk

Institutions involved

  • Aarhus University uni
  • Handels- og Ingeniørhøjskolen i Herning uas

Aarhus University (2)

  • Location Several cities

    Merger year 2007

  • Number of students 28982

    Reference year: 2008

    Type of counting: Headcount

    Number of students 17865

    Reference year: 2008

    Type of counting: FTE

  • Website http://www.au.dk

Institutions involved

  • Aarhus University uni
  • Aarhus School of Business bsc
  • Danish Institute of Agricultural Sciences spe
  • National Environmental Research Institute ror
  • Danmarks Pædagogiske Universitet uni

Aarhus University (3)

  • Location Several cities

    Merger year 2012

  • Number of students 38169

    Reference year: 2013

    Type of counting: Headcount

    Number of students 23895

    Reference year: 2013

    Type of counting: FTE

  • Website http://www.au.dk

Institutions involved

  • Aarhus University uni
  • Ingeniørhøjskolen i Århus uas
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City sheet

Copenhagen

University of Copenhagen

  • Location One city

    Merger year 2007

  • Number of students 40866

    Reference year: 2013

    Type of counting: Headcount

    Number of students 24577

    Reference year: 2013

    Type of counting: FTE

  • Website http://www.ku.dk

Institutions involved

  • University of Copenhagen uni
  • The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University uni
  • Danish University of Pharmaceutical Sciences uni
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City sheet

Lyngby

Technical University Denmark

  • Location Several cities

    Merger year 2007

  • Number of students 9990

    Reference year: 2013

    Type of counting: Headcount

    Number of students 6456

    Reference year: 2013

    Type of counting: FTE

  • Website http://www.dtu.dk

Institutions involved

  • Technical University Denmark uni
  • Risø National Laboratory ror
  • Danish National Space Center spe
  • Danmarks Fiskeriundersøgelser ror
  • Danmarks Transportforskning ror
  • Danmarks Fødevareforskning ror
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City sheet

Odense

University of Southern Denmark (1)

  • Location Several cities

    Merger year 2005

  • Number of students 14252

    Reference year: 2007

    Type of counting: Headcount

    Number of students 8925

    Reference year: 2007

    Type of counting: FTE

  • Website http://www.sdu.dk

Institutions involved

  • University of Southern Denmark uni
  • Odense University College of Engineering uas
  • Danish Centre of Rural Research and Development, Esbjerg ror
  • Research Unit of Maritime Medicine, Esbjerg ror

University of Southern Denmark (2)

  • Location Several cities

    Merger year 2007

  • Number of students 30013

    Reference year: 2014

    Type of counting: headcount

  • Website http://www.sdu.dk

Institutions involved

  • University of Southern Denmark uni
  • National Institute of Public Health spe
  • Business School Centre bsc
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Country sheet

Estonia

The number of universities has dropped dramatically from 41 in 2000 to 29 in 2012. 60% of this decrease is because of mergers, and the rest due to closures. This trend of contraction can be seen as a “correction” mechanism following a rapid growth in the number of institutions in the 1990s. Most of the mergers were ‘vertical’, with large public universities absorbing smaller professional higher education institutions and private institutions. The process does not result from an overall political strategy at system level.

List of mergers

Total of mergers

  • 2000
  • 2001
  • 2002
  • 2003
  • 2004
  • 2005
  • 2006
  • 2007
  • 2008
  • 2009
  • 2010
  • 2011
  • 2012
  • 2013
  • 2014
  • 2015
  • 2016
  • 2017
  • 2018
  • 2019
  • 2020
  • 2021
  • 2022
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City sheet

Tallinn

Tallin University of Technology

  • Location One city

    Merger year 2017

  • Number of students 12500

    Reference year: 2019

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website http://www.itcollege.ee/en/

Institutions involved

  • Tallin University of Technology uni
  • Estonian Information Technology College spe

Tallinn Health Care College

  • Location Several cities

    Merger year 2006

  • Number of students 1900

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website http://www.ttk.ee

Institutions involved

  • Tallinn Health Care College spe
  • Kohtla-Järve Medical School spe

Tallinn University (1)

  • Location One city

    Merger year 2005

  • Number of students 10016

    Reference year: 2013

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website http://www.tlu.ee

Institutions involved

  • Academic Library of Estonia spe
  • Estonian Institute of Humanities ror
  • Institute of History  ror
  • Tallinn Pedagogical University spe
  • Baltic Film and Media School spe

Tallinn University (2)

  • Location One city

    Merger year 2009

  • Number of students 10016

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website http://www.tlu.ee

Institutions involved

  • Tallinn University uni
  • Estonian Institute for Future Studies spe

Tallinn University (3)

  • Location One city

    Merger year 2010

  • Number of students 10016

    Reference year: 2013

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website http://www.tlu.ee

Institutions involved

  • Tallinn University uni
  • Academy Nord uni

Tallinn University (4)

  • Location One city

    Merger year 2013

  • Number of students 10016

    Reference year: 2013

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website http://www.tlu.ee

Institutions involved

  • Tallinn University uni
  • Tallinn Pedagogical Seminar spe

Tallinn University of Technology (1)

  • Location Several cities

    Merger year 2000

  • Number of students 13050

    Reference year: 2013

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website http://www.ttu.ee

Institutions involved

  • Tallinn University of Technology uni
  • Virumaa Kõrgkool uas

Tallinn University of Technology (2)

  • Location Several cities

    Merger year 2005

  • Number of students 13050

    Reference year: 2000

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website http://www.ttu.ee

Institutions involved

  • Tallinn University of Technology uni
  • Kohtla-Järve Polytechnic uas

Tallinn University of Technology (3)

  • Location Several cities

    Merger year 2008

  • Number of students 13050

    Reference year: 2013

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website http://www.ttu.ee

Institutions involved

  • Tallinn University of Technology uni
  • International University Audentes uni

TTK University of Applied Sciences

  • Location One city

    Merger year 2006

  • Number of students 2825

    Reference year: 2015

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website http://www.tktk.ee

Institutions involved

  • Tallinn College of Engineering uni
  • Tallinn Light Garment Technology School  spe
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City sheet

Tartu

University of Tartu

  • Location One city

    Merger year 2018

  • Number of students 14470

    Reference year: 2014

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website https://www.ut.ee/et

Institutions involved

  • University of Tartu uni
  • Tartu Observatory spe

University of Tartu (1)

  • Location Several cities

    Merger year 2001

  • Number of students 16025

    Reference year: 2013

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website http://www.ut.ee

Institutions involved

  • University of Tartu uni
  • Estonian Marine Institute ror
  • Teacher Training Seminar uas

University of Tartu (2)

  • Location Several cities

    Merger year 2002

  • Number of students 16025

    Reference year: 2013

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website http://www.ut.ee

Institutions involved

  • University of Tartu uni
  • Institute of Law uni

University of Tartu (3)

  • Location Several cities

    Merger year 2005

  • Number of students 16025

    Reference year: 2005

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website http://www.ut.ee

Institutions involved

  • University of Tartu uni
  • Viljandi Culture Academy spe
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Country sheet

Finland

In 2006, increasing pressure to consolidate the Finnish University system led to the set-up of committees to explore the possibilities for university mergers, resulting in bringing the number of universities from 20 to 14. The Finnish University system was deeply reformed in 2010 through the new University Act. The motivations for the reform were to increase the efficiency, autonomy and international competitiveness of the university sector.

List of mergers

Total of mergers

  • 2000
  • 2001
  • 2002
  • 2003
  • 2004
  • 2005
  • 2006
  • 2007
  • 2008
  • 2009
  • 2010
  • 2011
  • 2012
  • 2013
  • 2014
  • 2015
  • 2016
  • 2017
  • 2018
  • 2019
  • 2020
  • 2021
  • 2022
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City sheet

Espoo

Aalto University

  • Location Several cities

    Merger year 2010

  • Number of students 19683

    Reference year: 2013

    Type of counting: Headcount

    Number of students 11337

    Reference year: 2013

    Type of counting: FTE

  • Website http://www.aalto.fi

Institutions involved

  • Helsinki University of Technology uni
  • Helsinki School of Business bsc
  • University of Art and Design Helsinki spe
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City sheet

Helsinki

University of the Arts Helsinki

  • Location One city

    Merger year 2013

  • Number of students 2041

    Reference year: 2013

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website http://www.uniarts.fi

Institutions involved

  • Finnish Academy of Fine Arts spe
  • Sibelius Academy spe
  • Theatre Academy Helsinki spe
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France

Recent reforms of 2007 and 2013 seek to consolidate universities and restructure the overall higher education landscape. This is done by granting universities more autonomy and competences and encouraging groupings of institutions. The latter is fostered via the creation of the “Communities of universities and HEIs”. These communities have a specific governance structure (president, council, academic council, “member council”). While organisational features are fixed in the law, the competences of these communities are left for the university groupings to decide on. The Communities are not mergers, as the different institutions entering the Community retain their legal entity. They nevertheless represent significant concentration processes relevant for the purpose of comparative analysis.

French universities have engaged in full-scale mergers as well. Therefore Communities may include recently merged institutions, together with other partner institutions.

The list below includes both “Communities” and mergers. Communities can be identified by the acronym “COMUE” at the beginning of the name.

List of mergers and communities

Total of mergers and communities

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  • 2001
  • 2002
  • 2003
  • 2004
  • 2005
  • 2006
  • 2007
  • 2008
  • 2009
  • 2010
  • 2011
  • 2012
  • 2013
  • 2014
  • 2015
  • 2016
  • 2017
  • 2018
  • 2019
  • 2020
  • 2021
  • 2022
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City sheet

Besançon

COMUE – Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté

  • Location One city

    Merger year 2015

  • Number of students 60000

    Reference year: 2019

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website http://www.ubfc.fr/

Institutions involved

  • AgroSup Dijon spe
  • Burgundy School of Business bsc
  • Arts et Metiers ParisTech spe
  • Ecole Nationale Superieur de Mecanique et des Microtechnique spe
  • Université de Bourgogne uni
  • Université de Franche-Comté uni
  • Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbéliard uni
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City sheet

Bordeaux

Bordeaux hosts a merged university (University of Bordeaux) and a “Community”, which is a grouping of universities and other higher education / research institutions (here: Communauté d’Universités et Etablissements d’Aquitaine), of which the University of Bordeaux is a member.

COMUE – Communauté d’universités et établissements d’Aquitaine

  • Location Several cities

    Merger year 2013

  • Number of students 88697

    Reference year: 2015

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website http://www.cue-aquitaine.fr

Institutions involved

  • Université de Bordeaux uni
  • Université Bordeaux Montaigne uni
  • Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour uni
  • Bordeaux INP uni
  • Sciences Po Bordeaux spe
  • Bordeaux Sciences Agro spe
  • Université de la Rochelle uni

University of Bordeaux

  • Location One city

    Merger year 2014

  • Number of students 50000

    Reference year: 2013

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website http://www.u-bordeaux.fr

Institutions involved

  • Université Bordeaux 1 uni
  • Université Bordeaux Segalen uni
  • Université Montesquieu Bordeaux IV uni
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City sheet

Caen

Caen is the legal seat of a “Community”, which is a grouping of universities and other higher education / research institutions.

COMUE – Normandie Université

  • Location Several cities

    Merger year 2014

  • Number of students 67226

    Reference year: 2019

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website http://www.normandie-univ.fr

Institutions involved

  • Université de Caen Basse-Normandie uni
  • Université de Rouen uni
  • Université du Havre uni
  • Institut national des sciences appliquées de Rouen uni
  • École nationale supérieure d'ingénieurs de Caen spe
  • École nationale supérieure d'architecture de Normandie spe
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City sheet

Cergy

Cergy is the legal seat of a “Community”, which is a grouping of universities and other higher education / research institutions.

COMUE – Université Paris Seine

  • Location Several cities

    Merger year 2015

  • Number of students 30000

    Reference year: 2014

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website http://www.univ-upgo.fr/

Institutions involved

  • Université de Cergy-Pontoise uni
  • École supérieure des sciences économiques et commerciales spe
  • École nationale supérieure d’arts de Paris-Cergy spe
  • École nationale supérieure d’architecture de Versailles spe
  • École nationale supérieure de paysage de Versailles spe
  • École de biologie industrielle spe
  • École catholique d’arts et métiers – École supérieure en électricité, productique et management industriel spe
  • École supérieure d’agro-développement international spe
  • Institut Polytechnique Grand Paris uni
  • Ecole pratique de service social spe
  • Institut libre d'éducation physique supérieur spe
  • Ecole supérieure d'agro-développement international spe
  • Ecole ITESCIA spe
  • Institut supérieur international de Parfum cosmétique et aéromatique spe
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City sheet

Cergy-Pontoise

CY Cergy Paris University

  • Location Several cities

    Merger year 2020

  • Number of students 25000

    Reference year: 2020

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website https://www.cyu.fr/

Institutions involved

  • University of Paris-Seine uni
  • Cergy-Pontoise University uni
  • École Internationale des Sciences du Traitement de l’information spe
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City sheet

Chasseneuil-du-Poitou

COMUE – Léonard de Vinci

Institutions involved

  • l'université de Limoges uni
  • l'université de Poitiers uni
  • l'École nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique uni
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City sheet

Clermont-Ferrand

Université Clermont-Auvergne

  • Location One city

    Merger year 2017

  • Number of students 35000

    Reference year: 2019

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website https://www.uca.fr/

Institutions involved

  • Université d'Auvergne (Clermont-I) uni
  • Université Blaise Pascal (Clermont-II) uni
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City sheet

Grenoble

Grenoble is the legal seat of a “Community”, which is a grouping of universities and other higher education / research institutions.

COMUE – Université Grenoble Alpes

Institutions involved

  • Université Grenoble Alpes uni
  • Institut polytechnique de Grenoble spe
  • CNRS Délégation Alpes ror
  • Inria (Centre Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes) ror

Université Grenoble Alpes

Institutions involved

  • Université Joseph Fourier uni
  • Université Pierre-Mendès-France uni
  • Université Stendhal uni
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City sheet

Lille

COMUE – Lille Nord de France (terminated)

Institutions involved

  • Université de Lille uni
  • Université d'Artois uni
  • Université du Littoral uni
  • Université polytechnique des Hauts-de-France uni
  • Institut Mines-Télécom Lille-Douai spe
  • École centrale de Lille spe
  • Université catholique de Lille uni
  • Centre national de la recherche scientifique ror
  • Institut national de recherche en informatique et en automatique ror

University of Lille

  • Location Several cities

    Merger year 2018

  • Number of students 67000

    Reference year: 2018

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website http://www.univ-lille.fr

Institutions involved

  • University of Lille 1 - Science and Technology uni
  • University of Lille 2 - Law and Health studies uni
  • University of Lille 3 - Social Sciences and Humanities uni
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City sheet

Lyon

Lyon is the legal seat of a “Community”, which is a grouping of universities and other higher education / research institutions.

COMUE – Université de Lyon

  • Location Several cities

    Merger year 2015

  • Number of students 137600

    Reference year: 2019

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website http://www.universite-lyon.fr

Institutions involved

  • Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 uni
  • Université Louis Lumière Lyon 2 uni
  • Université Jean Moulin Lyon 3 uni
  • Université Jean Monnet Saint-Etienne uni
  • Ecole normale supérieure de Lyon spe
  • Institut national des sciences appliquées de Lyon (INSA) uas
  • Ecole Centrale Lyon spe
  • Sciences Po Lyon spe
  • VetAgro Sup spe
  • Ecole nationale des travaux publics de l'Etat spe
  • Ecole nationale d'ingénieurs de Saint-Etienne spe
  • Centre national de recherche scientifique ror
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City sheet

Marne-la-Vallée

Marne-la-Vallée is the legal seat of a “Community”, which is a grouping of universities and other higher education / research institutions.

COMUE – Université Paris-Est

  • Location Several cities

    Merger year 2015

  • Number of students 46000

    Reference year: 2019

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website http://www.univ-paris-est.fr

Institutions involved

  • Université Paris-Est Créteil Val de Marne uni
  • Université Gustave Eiffel uni
  • École des Ponts ParisTech spe
  • École nationale vétérinaire d'Alfort spe
  • Centre national de recherche scientifique ror
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City sheet

Marseille

Aix Marseille University

  • Location Several cities

    Merger year 2012

  • Number of students 72000

    Reference year: 2014

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website http://www.univ-amu.fr

Institutions involved

  • University of Provence (Aix-Marseille I) uni
  • University of the Mediterranean (Aix-Marseille II) uni
  • Paul Cézanne University (Aix-Marseille III) uni
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City sheet

Montpellier

Montpellier hosts a merged university (Montpellier University) and the legal seat of a “Community”, which is a grouping of universities and other higher education / research institutions  (here: Languedoc-Roussillon Universités) which includes Montpellier University among its members.

COMUE – Languedoc Roussillon Universités

Institutions involved

  • Université de Montpellier uni
  • Université Paul-Valéry Montpellier uni
  • Université de Perpignan Via-Domitia uni
  • Université de Nîmes uni
  • Montpellier SupAgro spe
  • Ecole nationale supérieure de chimie de Montpellier spe
  • Institut de recherche pour le développement ror
  • Centre national de recherche scientifique ror

Montpellier University

  • Location One city

    Merger year 2015

  • Number of students 41000

    Reference year: 2015

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website http://www.umontpellier.fr

Institutions involved

  • Université Montpellier 1 uni
  • Université Montpellier 2 uni
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City sheet

Nancy

Université de Lorraine

  • Location Several cities

    Merger year 2012

  • Number of students 51868

    Reference year: 2014

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website http://www.univ-lorraine.fr

Institutions involved

  • Institut national polytechnique de Lorraine uas
  • Université Henri Poincaré uni
  • Université Nancy 2 uni
  • Université Paul Verlaine-Metz uni
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City sheet

Nice

(terminated) COMUE – Université Côte d’Azur

Institutions involved

  • l’université Nice Sophia Antipolis uni
  • l’Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur spe
  • Le centre national de la recherche scientifique ror
  • L’institut national de recherche en informatique et en automatique ror
  • SKEMA Business School bsc
  • EDHEC Business School bsc
  • Le centre hospitalier universitaire de Nice spe
  • Centre National de Création Musicale spe
  • Villa Arson spe
  • l’école supérieure de réalisation audiovisuelle spe
  • The Sustainable Design School spe
  • L’école supérieure de danse de Cannes Rosella Hightower spe
  • Le Conservatoire à rayonnement régional de Nice spe
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City sheet

Orléans

COMUE – Centre Val de Loire

  • Location Several cities

    Merger year 2017

  • Number of students 60000

    Reference year: 2019

    Type of counting: Headcount

Institutions involved

  • Université de Tours uni
  • Université d'Orléans uni
  • Institut national des sciences appliquées Centre-Val de Loire uas
  • Centre hospitalier universitaire de Tours spe
  • Bureau de recherches géologiques et minières ror
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City sheet

Paris

Paris is the legal seat of several “Communities”, which are groupings of universities and other higher education / research institutions.

The former COMUE Sorbonne Universités was dissolved in 2018 as a consequence of the merger of two of its components, UPMC and Paris-Sorbonne University. An Association was formed with the other previous members of the COMUE.

(terminated) COMUE – PSL Research University

  • Location One city

    Merger year 2010

  • Number of students 17000

    Reference year: 2019

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website https://www.psl.eu/en

Institutions involved

  • MINES ParisTech spe
  • Chimie ParisTech spe
  • Université Paris-Dauphine uni
  • Ecole Nationale des Chartes spe
  • Ecole Normale Supérieure spe
  • Ecole Pratique des Hautes Études spe
  • ESPCI Paris spe
  • Observatoire de Paris spe
  • Institut Curie ror

(terminated) COMUE – Université Sorbonne Paris Cité

Institutions involved

  • Université Sorbonne Nouvelle - Paris III uni
  • Université Paris Descartes - Paris V uni
  • Université Paris Diderot - Paris VII uni
  • Université Paris-Nord - Paris XIII uni
  • École des hautes études en santé publique spe
  • Institut National des Langues et Civilisations Orientales spe
  • Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris spe
  • Institut d'études politiques de Paris spe
  • Centre national de recherche scientifique ror
  • Institut national d'études démographiques ror
  • Institut national de recherche en informatique et en automatique ror
  • Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale ror
  • Institut de recherche pour le développement ror

COMUE – Association Sorbonne Université

Institutions involved

  • L’Université de technologie de Compiègne uni
  • INSEAD uni
  • Le Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle spe
  • Le Centre international d’études pédagogiques spe
  • Pôle supérieur d’enseignement artistique Paris Boulogne-Billancourt spe

COMUE – Hesam Université

  • Location One city

    Merger year 2015

  • Number of students 130000

    Reference year: 2019

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website https://www.hesam.eu/

Institutions involved

  • Arts et Metiers ParisTech uni
  • Campus d’enseignement supérieur et de formation professionnelle
  • Le Conservatoire national des arts et métiers
  • Le Centre national de la recherche scientifique ror
  • École Boulle
  • École Estienne
  • École du Louvre
  • L’Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Arts Appliqués et des Métiers d’Arts
  • L’Ecole Nationale Supérieure d'Architecture de Paris-La Villette
  • l’Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Création Industrielle – Les Ateliers
  • L'Institut Français de la Mode
  • L’Institut National du Patrimoine
  • SKEMA Business School
  • Ecole Duperré
  • INED

COMUE – Université Paris Lumières

  • Location Several cities

    Merger year 2014

  • Number of students 55000

    Reference year: 2015

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website http://www.u-plum.fr

Institutions involved

  • Université Ouest Nanterre La Défense - Paris X uni
  • Université Paris-VIII « Vincennes–Saint-Denis » uni
  • CNRS ror

Paris Panthéon-Assas University

Institutions involved

  • University of Paris II uni
  • ISIT – Institute of Intercultural Communication and Management bsc
  • EFREI – École d’ingénieurs Généraliste du Numérique spe
  • CFJ – Centre de Formation des Journalistes spe
  • École W spe

Polytechnic Institute of Paris

  • Location One city

    Merger year 2019

  • Number of students 8000

    Reference year: 2021

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website https://www.ip-paris.fr

Institutions involved

  • École Polytechnique uas
  • Télécom Paris spe
  • Telecom SudParis spe
  • ENSTA Paris spe
  • ENSAE Paris spe

Sorbonne University

Institutions involved

  • Paris-Sorbonne Univeristy uni
  • Pierre and Marie Curie University uni

Université de Paris

  • Location One city

    Merger year 2019

  • Number of students 58000

    Reference year: 2019

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website http://www.u-paris.fr

Institutions involved

  • Université Paris-Descartes uni
  • Université Paris-Diderot uni
  • Institut de physique du globe de Paris spe

Université Gustave Eiffel

Institutions involved

  • Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée uni
  • IFSTTAR ror
  • EAV&T (architecture) spe
  • EIVP (engineering) spe
  • ENSG Géomatique (engineering) spe
  • ESIEE Paris (engineering) spe

Université PSL

  • Location One city

    Merger year 2019

  • Number of students 17000

    Reference year: 2019

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website http://www.psl.eu

Institutions involved

  • Université Paris-Dauphine uni
  • Chimie ParisTech spe
  • Conservatoire National Supérieur d'Art Dramatique spe
  • Ecole Nationale des Chartres spe
  • Ecole Normale Supérieure spe
  • ESPCI Paris spe
  • MINES ParisTech spe
  • Collège de France spe
  • Observatoire de Paris ror
  • Institut Curie ror
  • CNRS ror
  • INRIA ror
  • INSERM ror
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City sheet

Rennes

(terminated) COMUE – Université Bretagne-Loire

  • Location One city

    Merger year 2016

  • Number of students 160000

    Reference year: 2019

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website https://u-bretagneloire.fr/

Institutions involved

  • Université d'Angers uni
  • Université de Bretagne Occidentale uni
  • Université Bretagne Sud uni
  • Le Mans Université uni
  • Université de Nantes uni
  • Université de Rennes 1 uni
  • Université Rennes 2 uni
  • Agrocampus Ouest spe
  • École Centrale de Nantes spe
  • Ecole des hautes études en santé publique (EHESP) spe
  • École nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR) spe
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City sheet

Saclay

Saclay is the legal seat of a “Community”, which is a grouping of universities and other higher education / research institutions.

Université Paris-Saclay

Institutions involved

  • Université Paris-Sud uni
  • Université de Versailles-Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines uni
  • AgroParisTech spe
  • École normale supérieure Paris Saclay spe
  • CentraleSupélec spe
  • Institut d'optique Graduate School spe
  • Centre national de la recherche scientifique ror
  • Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ror
  • Institut des hautes études scientifiques ror
  • Institut national de la recherche agronomique ror
  • Institut national de recherche en informatique et en automatique ror
  • Office national d'études et de recherches aérospatiales ror
  • Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale ror
  • University of Évry Val d'Essonne uni
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City sheet

Strasbourg

University of Strasbourg

  • Location One city

    Merger year 2009

  • Number of students 44991

    Reference year: 2014

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website http://www.unistra.fr

Institutions involved

  • Université Strasbourg 1 (Louis Pasteur) uni
  • Université de Strasbourg II (Marc Bloch) uni
  • Université Strasbourg III (Robert Schuman) uni
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City sheet

Toulouse

COMUE – Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées

  • Location One city

    Merger year 2015

  • Number of students 104237

    Reference year: 2012

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website https://www.univ-toulouse.fr/

Institutions involved

  • Université Toulouse I-Capitole uni
  • Université Jean Jaurès uni
  • Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier uni
  • Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse spe
  • Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Toulouse spe
  • Ecole Nationale Supérieure de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace spe
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City sheet

Valenciennes

Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France

  • Location Several cities

    Merger year 2020

  • Number of students 11000

    Reference year: 2019

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website http://www.uphf.fr

Institutions involved

  • Université de Valenciennes uas
  • École supérieure d’art et de design de Valenciennes spe
  • École supérieure d’art de Cambrai spe
  • Institut national des sciences appliquées Hauts-de-France uas
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Country sheet

Germany

There is no clear trend in Germany towards system concentration and mergers. There are different narratives to the cases reported here, with varying degrees of involvement of regional public authorities.

List of mergers

Total of mergers

  • 2000
  • 2001
  • 2002
  • 2003
  • 2004
  • 2005
  • 2006
  • 2007
  • 2008
  • 2009
  • 2010
  • 2011
  • 2012
  • 2013
  • 2014
  • 2015
  • 2016
  • 2017
  • 2018
  • 2019
  • 2020
  • 2021
  • 2022
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City sheet

Cottbus

Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg

  • Location Several cities

    Merger year 2013

  • Number of students 9550

    Reference year: 2013

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website http://www.b-tu.de

Institutions involved

  • Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus uni
  • Lausitz University of Applied Sciences uas
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City sheet

Karslruhe

Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)

  • Location One city

    Merger year 2009

  • Number of students 24528

    Reference year: 2013

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website http://www.kit.edu

Institutions involved

  • University of Karlsruhe uni
  • Karlsruhe Research Centre ror
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City sheet

Lüneburg

Leuphana University of Lüneburg

  • Location One city

    Merger year 2005

  • Number of students 7350

    Reference year: 2013

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website http://www.leuphana.de/

Institutions involved

  • University of Lüneburg uni
  • University of Applied Sciences Nordostniedersachsen uas
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Country sheet

Greece

List of mergers

Total of mergers

  • 2000
  • 2001
  • 2002
  • 2003
  • 2004
  • 2005
  • 2006
  • 2007
  • 2008
  • 2009
  • 2010
  • 2011
  • 2012
  • 2013
  • 2014
  • 2015
  • 2016
  • 2017
  • 2018
  • 2019
  • 2020
  • 2021
  • 2022
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City sheet

Athens

Panteion University

  • Location Several cities

    Merger year 2013

  • Number of students 21600

    Reference year: 2019

    Type of counting: Headcount

    Number of students

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website https://www.panteion.gr/index.php/el/

Institutions involved

  • Panteion University uni
  • Department of regional Economic Growth

University of West Attica (2)

  • Location One city

    Merger year 2019

  • Number of students 53360

    Reference year: 2022

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website https://www.uniwa.gr

Institutions involved

  • University of West Attica uni
  • National School of Public Health spe

University of West Attica

  • Location One city

    Merger year 2018

  • Number of students 53360

    Reference year: 2022

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website http://www.uniwa.gr/

Institutions involved

  • Technological Educational Institute of Athens uas
  • Technological Educational Institute of Piraeus uas
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City sheet

Heraklion

Hellenic Mediterranean University

  • Location Several cities

    Merger year 2019

  • Number of students 21500

    Reference year: 2022

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website https://hmu.gr/

Institutions involved

  • Hellenic Mediterranean University uni
  • Technological Education Institute of Crete uas
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City sheet

Ioannina

University of Ioannina

  • Location One city

    Merger year 2018

  • Number of students 21196

    Reference year: 2022

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website https://www.uoi.gr

Institutions involved

  • University of Ionnina uni
  • Technological Educational Institute of Epirus uas
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City sheet

Kozani

University of Western Macedonia

  • Location Several cities

    Merger year 2019

  • Number of students 27395

    Reference year: 2019

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website https://www.uowm.gr/

Institutions involved

  • University of Western Macedonia uni
  • Technological Education Institute of Western Macedonia uas
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City sheet

Patras

Technological Educational Institute of Western Greece

  • Location Several cities

    Merger year 2013

  • Number of students 20000

    Reference year: 2019

    Type of counting: Headcount

Institutions involved

  • Technological Educational Institute of Patras uas
  • Technological Educational Institute of Mesolonghi uas

University of Patras

  • Location One city

    Merger year 2013

  • Number of students 34079

    Reference year: 2019

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website http://www.upatras.gr/el

Institutions involved

  • University of Patras uni
  • University of Western Greece uni
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City sheet

Thessaloniki

International Hellenic University

  • Location Several cities

    Merger year 2019

  • Number of students 13805

    Reference year: 2019

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website https://www.ihu.gr

Institutions involved

  • International Hellenic University uni
  • Technological Education Institute of Thessaloniki uas
  • Technological Education Institute of Central Macedonia uas
  • Technological Education Institute of Eastern Macedonia and Thrace uas
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City sheet

Thessaly

University of Thessaly

  • Location Several cities

    Merger year 2013

  • Number of students 12266

    Reference year: 2019

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website http://www.uth.gr/

Institutions involved

  • University of Thessaly uni
  • Department of Computer Science and Biomedical informatics (of university of central Greece)

University of Thessaly

  • Location Several cities

    Merger year 2019

  • Number of students 12266

    Reference year: 2019

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website http://www.uth.gr/

Institutions involved

  • University of Thessaly uni
  • Technological Educational Institute of Thessaly uas

University of Thessaly

  • Location Several cities

    Merger year 2019

  • Number of students 12266

    Reference year: 2019

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website http://www.uth.gr/

Institutions involved

  • University of Thessaly uni
  • City of Lamia Campus (Technological Educational Institute of Central Greece)
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City sheet

Tripolis

University of the Peloponnese

  • Location Several cities

    Merger year 2019

  • Number of students 17474

    Reference year: 2019

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website https://www.uop.gr/

Institutions involved

  • University of the Peloponnese uni
  • Technological Education Institute of Peloponnese uas
  • Technological Education Institute of Western Greece (4 departments only) uas
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Country sheet

Hungary

In Hungary, a large wave of mergers occured in the 1990’s. Since then, the focus of public authorities is on vertical mergers, with large institutions absorbing smaller university colleges, which number is considered excessive.

List of mergers

Total of mergers

  • 2000
  • 2001
  • 2002
  • 2003
  • 2004
  • 2005
  • 2006
  • 2007
  • 2008
  • 2009
  • 2010
  • 2011
  • 2012
  • 2013
  • 2014
  • 2015
  • 2016
  • 2017
  • 2018
  • 2019
  • 2020
  • 2021
  • 2022
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City sheet

Budapest

National University of Public service

  • Location One city

    Merger year 2012

  • Number of students 10800

    Reference year: 2014

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website http://www.uni-nke.hu

Institutions involved

  • Zrínyi Miklós National Defence University spe
  • Police College (Rendörtiszti Föiskola) spe
  • Faculty of Public Administration of Corvinus University of Budapest spe
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Country sheet

Iceland

List of mergers

Total of mergers

  • 2000
  • 2001
  • 2002
  • 2003
  • 2004
  • 2005
  • 2006
  • 2007
  • 2008
  • 2009
  • 2010
  • 2011
  • 2012
  • 2013
  • 2014
  • 2015
  • 2016
  • 2017
  • 2018
  • 2019
  • 2020
  • 2021
  • 2022
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City sheet

Reykjavík

University of Iceland

  • Location Several cities

    Merger year 2008

  • Number of students 13848

    Reference year: 2014

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website http://www.hi.is

Institutions involved

  • University of Iceland uni
  • Iceland University of Education spe
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Country sheet

Ireland

Merging higher education institutions is a rather recent phenomenon in Ireland. Mergers are foreseen or ongoing within the sector of the Institutes of Technology, as part of a proposed move towards “Technological Universities”, and in the University sector with the Colleges of Education (teacher training colleges) being incorporated into existing universities.

List of mergers

Total of mergers

  • 2000
  • 2001
  • 2002
  • 2003
  • 2004
  • 2005
  • 2006
  • 2007
  • 2008
  • 2009
  • 2010
  • 2011
  • 2012
  • 2013
  • 2014
  • 2015
  • 2016
  • 2017
  • 2018
  • 2019
  • 2020
  • 2021
  • 2022
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City sheet

Athlone

Technological University of the Shannon: Midlands Midwest

  • Location Several cities

    Merger year 2021

  • Number of students 14000

    Reference year: 2021

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website https://tus.ie/

Institutions involved

  • Athlone Institute of Technology uas
  • Limerick Institute of Technology uas
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City sheet

Cork

Munster Technological University

  • Location Several cities

    Merger year 2021

  • Number of students 18000

    Reference year: 2022

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website https://www.mtu.ie/

Institutions involved

  • Cork Institute of Technology uas
  • Institute of Technology, Tralee uas
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City sheet

Dublin

Dublin City University

  • Location One city

    Merger year 2016

  • Number of students 16000

    Reference year: 2016

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website https://www.dcu.ie/

Institutions involved

  • Dublin City University uni
  • St. Patrick's College spe
  • Church of Ireland College of Education spe
  • Mater Dei Institute of Education spe

Technological University Dublin

  • Location One city

    Merger year 2019

  • Number of students 28500

    Reference year: 2019

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website http://www.dit.ie/

Institutions involved

  • Dublin Institute of Techonology spe
  • Institute of Technology, Blanchardstown (ITB) spe
  • Institute of Technology, Tallaght spe
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City sheet

Galway

Atlantic Technological University

  • Location Several cities

    Merger year 2022

  • Number of students 20418

    Reference year: 2021

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website https://www.atu.ie/

Institutions involved

  • Galway-Mayo Institute of Technology uas
  • Letterkenny Institute of Technology uas
  • Institute of Technology Sligo uas

National University of Ireland Galway

  • Location Several cities

    Merger year 2015

  • Number of students 17000

    Reference year: 2016

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website http://www.nuigalway.ie/

Institutions involved

  • National University of Ireland Galway uni
  • Shannon College of Hotel Management spe
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City sheet

Limerick

Limerick Institute of Technology

  • Location Several cities

    Merger year 2011

  • Number of students 6000

    Reference year: 2013

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website http://www.lit.ie

Institutions involved

  • Limerick Institute of Technology uni
  • Tipperary Institute spe
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City sheet

Waterford

South East Technological University

  • Location Several cities

    Merger year 2022

  • Number of students 18500

    Reference year: 2022

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website https://www.setu.ie/

Institutions involved

  • Waterford Institute of Technology uas
  • Waterford Institute of Technology uas
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Country sheet

Italy

Due to the already large size of most Italian universities, the discussion between the public authorities and the sector focuses on rationalising the academic offer and reducing duplication at regional level. This may lead to further specialisation of the institutions.

List of mergers

Total of mergers

  • 2000
  • 2001
  • 2002
  • 2003
  • 2004
  • 2005
  • 2006
  • 2007
  • 2008
  • 2009
  • 2010
  • 2011
  • 2012
  • 2013
  • 2014
  • 2015
  • 2016
  • 2017
  • 2018
  • 2019
  • 2020
  • 2021
  • 2022
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City sheet

Riga

Latvia Culture Academy

  • Location One city

    Merger year 2012

  • Number of students 647

    Reference year: 2012

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website http://www.lka.edu.lv

Institutions involved

  • Latvia Culture Academy spe
  • Latvian Culture College spe

Riga Stradins University

  • Location One city

    Merger year 2010

  • Number of students 6764

    Reference year: 2014

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website http://www.rsu.lv

Institutions involved

  • Riga Stradins University uni
  • Red Cross College of Medicine spe

University of Latvia

  • Location One city

    Merger year 2004

  • Number of students 15100

    Reference year: 2013

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website http://www.lu.lv

Institutions involved

  • University of Latvia uni
  • Riga College of Medicine spe

University of Latvia

  • Location One city

    Merger year 2017

  • Number of students 14020

    Reference year: 2014

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website https://www.lu.lv/

Institutions involved

  • University of Latvia uni
  • The Riga Teacher Training and Educational Management Academy spe
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Country sheet

Latvia

Mergers in latvia have been driven principally by public authorities. They are typically vertical mergers, with larger institutions absorbing smaller specialised colleges. These colleges nevertheless retain their degree awarding powers and status as ‘non-autonomous legal units’.

List of mergers

Total of mergers

  • 2000
  • 2001
  • 2002
  • 2003
  • 2004
  • 2005
  • 2006
  • 2007
  • 2008
  • 2009
  • 2010
  • 2011
  • 2012
  • 2013
  • 2014
  • 2015
  • 2016
  • 2017
  • 2018
  • 2019
  • 2020
  • 2021
  • 2022
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Country sheet

Lithuania

Lithuanian public authorities have sought to foster mergers in the sector by providing financial incentives. The merger leading to the foundation of the University of Health Sciences has received such support.

List of mergers

Total of mergers

  • 2000
  • 2001
  • 2002
  • 2003
  • 2004
  • 2005
  • 2006
  • 2007
  • 2008
  • 2009
  • 2010
  • 2011
  • 2012
  • 2013
  • 2014
  • 2015
  • 2016
  • 2017
  • 2018
  • 2019
  • 2020
  • 2021
  • 2022
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City sheet

Kaunas

Lithuanian University of Health Sciences

  • Location One city

    Merger year 2010

  • Number of students 7658

    Reference year: 2013

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website http://www.lsmuni.lt

Institutions involved

  • Kaunas University of Medicine  spe
  • Lithuanian Veterinary Academy spe

Vytautas Magnus University

  • Location One city

    Merger year 2019

  • Number of students 8210

    Reference year: 2021

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website https://www.vdu.lt/en/

Institutions involved

  • Vytautas Magnus University uni
  • Aleksandras Stulginskis University uni
  • Lithuanian University of Educational Sciences uni
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Country sheet

Norway

Mergers in Norway are a recent phenomenon. They have different drivers, including the better organisation of the teaching provision. There is also an effort from the public authorities to enhance the coherence of the national network of research institutes. More mergers of university colleges and research institutes with universities are envisaged.

List of mergers

Total of mergers

  • 2000
  • 2001
  • 2002
  • 2003
  • 2004
  • 2005
  • 2006
  • 2007
  • 2008
  • 2009
  • 2010
  • 2011
  • 2012
  • 2013
  • 2014
  • 2015
  • 2016
  • 2017
  • 2018
  • 2019
  • 2020
  • 2021
  • 2022
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City sheet

Ås

NMBU – Norwegian University of Life Sciences

  • Location Several cities

    Merger year 2014

  • Number of students 5000

    Reference year: 2014

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website http://www.nmbu.no/

Institutions involved

  • Norwegian University of life sciences uni
  • Norwegian School of Veterinary Science spe
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City sheet

Bergen

University of Bergen

  • Location One city

    Merger year 2017

  • Number of students 19.641

    Reference year: 2021

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website https://www.uib.no/

Institutions involved

  • University of Bergen uni
  • Grieg Academy spe
  • The National College of Art and Design spe
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City sheet

Bodø

Nord University

  • Location Several cities

    Merger year 2016

  • Number of students 12230

    Reference year: 2015

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website http://www.nord.no

Institutions involved

  • University of Nordland uni
  • Nord-Trøndelag University College uas
  • Nesna University College uas
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City sheet

Elverum

Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences

  • Location Several cities

    Merger year 2017

  • Number of students 12000

    Reference year: 2019

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website https://www.inn.no/

Institutions involved

  • Hedmark University College uas
  • Lillehammer University College uas
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City sheet

Kongsberg

The University of South Eastern Norway, formally the University College of Buskerud and Vestfold, was granted the status of a full university by the King-in-Council on 4 May 2018 and underwent the change of name to the University of South Eastern Norway.

University College of Buskerud and Vestfold

  • Location Several cities

    Merger year 2014

  • Number of students 8075

    Reference year: 2013

    Type of counting: Headcount

    Number of students 7296

    Reference year: 2013

    Type of counting: FTE

  • Website http://www.hbv.no

Institutions involved

  • Buskerud University College uas
  • Vestfold University College uas

University of South Eastern Norway

  • Location Several cities

    Merger year 2016

  • Number of students 17.949

    Reference year: 2018

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website https://www.usn.no/english/

Institutions involved

  • University College of Buskerud and Vestfold uas
  • Telemark University College uas
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City sheet

Oslo

University College of Applied Sciences of Oslo and Akershus (1)

  • Location Several cities

    Merger year 2011

  • Number of students 16527

    Reference year: 2013

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website http://www.hioa.no

Institutions involved

  • Oslo University College uas
  • Akershus University College uas

University College of Applied Sciences of Oslo and Akershus (2)

  • Location Several cities

    Merger year 2014

  • Number of students 16527

    Reference year: 2013

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website http://www.hioa.no

Institutions involved

  • University College of Applied Sciences of Oslo and Akershus uas
  • Work Research Institute ror
  • NOVA Research Institute ror

VID Specialized University

  • Location Several cities

    Merger year 2016

  • Number of students 5590

    Reference year: 2021

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website https://www.vid.no/

Institutions involved

  • VID Specialized University uni
  • Diakonhjemmet University College spe
  • Haraldsplass Deaconess University College spe
  • Betanien University College spe
  • School of Mission and Theology spe
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City sheet

Tromsø

UIT The Arctic University of Norway

  • Location Several cities

    Merger year 2013

  • Number of students 10114

    Reference year: 2013

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website http://www.uit.no

Institutions involved

  • University of Tromsø uni
  • University College of Finnmark uas

UIT The Arctic University of Norway (2)

  • Location Several cities

    Merger year 2016

  • Number of students 17982

    Reference year: 2021

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website https://en.uit.no/

Institutions involved

  • UIT The Arctic University of Norway uni
  • Harstad college spe
  • Narvik College of Technology  spe

University of Tromsø

  • Location One city

    Merger year 2009

  • Number of students 10114

    Reference year: 2013

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website http://www.uit.no

Institutions involved

  • University of Tromsø uni
  •  University College of Tromsø uas
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City sheet

Trondheim

NTNU – Norwegian University of Science and Technology

  • Location Several cities

    Merger year 2016

  • Number of students 42000

    Reference year: 2021

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website https://www.ntnu.edu/

Institutions involved

  • NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology uni
  • Gjøvik University College spe
  • Ålesund University College spe
  • Sør-Trøndelag University College spe
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Country sheet

Poland

Mergers in the public and private sectors have taken place and more are expected mainly because of demographic change and resulting decreases in student numbers. There is no specific system-wide strategy fostering mergers, although the government has provided seed funding for such processes.

List of mergers

Total of mergers

  • 2000
  • 2001
  • 2002
  • 2003
  • 2004
  • 2005
  • 2006
  • 2007
  • 2008
  • 2009
  • 2010
  • 2011
  • 2012
  • 2013
  • 2014
  • 2015
  • 2016
  • 2017
  • 2018
  • 2019
  • 2020
  • 2021
  • 2022
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City sheet

Olsztyn

University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn

  • Location One city

    Merger year 2000

  • Number of students 27000

    Reference year: 2014

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website http://www.uwm.edu.pl

Institutions involved

  • University of Agriculture and Technology uni
  • Pedagogical Institute spe
  • Warmia Institute of Theology spe
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City sheet

Szczecin

West Pomeranian University of Technology Szczecin

  • Location One city

    Merger year 2009

  • Number of students 13000

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website http://www.zut.edu.pl

Institutions involved

  • Agricultural Academy in Szczecin spe
  • Szczecin University of Technology uni
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City sheet

Toruń

Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń

  • Location One city

    Merger year 2004

  • Number of students 30000

    Reference year: 2014

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website http://www.umk.pl

Institutions involved

  • Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń uni
  • Medical Academy spe
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City sheet

Zielona Góra

University of Zielona Góra

  • Location One city

    Merger year 2001

  • Number of students 13500

    Reference year: 2014

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website http://www.uz.zgora.pl

Institutions involved

  • Zielona Góra Technical University uni
  • Zielona Góra Pedagogical University spe
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Country sheet

Portugal

List of mergers

Total of mergers

  • 2000
  • 2001
  • 2002
  • 2003
  • 2004
  • 2005
  • 2006
  • 2007
  • 2008
  • 2009
  • 2010
  • 2011
  • 2012
  • 2013
  • 2014
  • 2015
  • 2016
  • 2017
  • 2018
  • 2019
  • 2020
  • 2021
  • 2022
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Country sheet

Romania

List of mergers

Total of mergers

  • 2000
  • 2001
  • 2002
  • 2003
  • 2004
  • 2005
  • 2006
  • 2007
  • 2008
  • 2009
  • 2010
  • 2011
  • 2012
  • 2013
  • 2014
  • 2015
  • 2016
  • 2017
  • 2018
  • 2019
  • 2020
  • 2021
  • 2022
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City sheet

Târgu Mures

University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Târgu-Mures

  • Location One city

    Merger year 2018

  • Number of students 10000

    Reference year: 2019

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website http://www.umfst.ro

Institutions involved

  • University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Tîrgu Mureș uni
  • Petru Maior University of Tîrgu Mureș uni
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Country sheet

Russia

List of mergers

Total of mergers

  • 2000
  • 2001
  • 2002
  • 2003
  • 2004
  • 2005
  • 2006
  • 2007
  • 2008
  • 2009
  • 2010
  • 2011
  • 2012
  • 2013
  • 2014
  • 2015
  • 2016
  • 2017
  • 2018
  • 2019
  • 2020
  • 2021
  • 2022
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City sheet

Moscow

Plekhanov Russian University of Economics

  • Location One city

    Merger year 2015

  • Number of students 62722

    Reference year: 2015

    Type of counting: Headcount

    Number of students 28347

    Reference year: 2015

    Type of counting: FTE

  • Website http://eng.rea.ru/

Institutions involved

  • Plekhanov Russian University of Economics uni
  • Moscow State University of Economics, Statistics and Informatics spe
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Country sheet

Slovakia

List of mergers

Total of mergers

  • 2000
  • 2001
  • 2002
  • 2003
  • 2004
  • 2005
  • 2006
  • 2007
  • 2008
  • 2009
  • 2010
  • 2011
  • 2012
  • 2013
  • 2014
  • 2015
  • 2016
  • 2017
  • 2018
  • 2019
  • 2020
  • 2021
  • 2022
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City sheet

Košice

Technical University of Košice

  • Location One city

    Merger year 2005

  • Number of students 10643

    Reference year: 2014

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website http://www.tuke.sk

Institutions involved

  • Technical Universtiy of Košice uni
  • Air Force Academy of Milan Rastislav Štefánik in Košice spe
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Country sheet

Sweden

There is a tendency in Sweden towards fewer, larger institutions (absorbing smaller entities in the region). There is a broad agreement at political level around the need to rationalise the organisation of the sector and increase the visibility of the institutions. However territorial considerations also play an important role, and have led to the creation of new institutions.

List of mergers

Total of mergers

  • 2000
  • 2001
  • 2002
  • 2003
  • 2004
  • 2005
  • 2006
  • 2007
  • 2008
  • 2009
  • 2010
  • 2011
  • 2012
  • 2013
  • 2014
  • 2015
  • 2016
  • 2017
  • 2018
  • 2019
  • 2020
  • 2021
  • 2022
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City sheet

Stockholm

Stockholm Academy of Dramatic Arts

  • Location One city

    Merger year 2011

  • Number of students 273

    Reference year: 2013

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website http://www.sada.se

Institutions involved

  • University College of Film, Radio, Television and Theatre spe
  • Stockholm Academy of Dramatic Arts spe

Stockholm University

  • Location One city

    Merger year 2008

  • Number of students 70971

    Reference year: 2013

    Type of counting: Headcount

    Number of students 29559

    Reference year: 2013

    Type of counting: FTE

  • Website http://www.su.se

Institutions involved

  • Stockholm University uni
  •  Stockholm Institute of Education uni

Stockholm University of the Arts

  • Location One city

    Merger year 2014

  • Number of students 437

    Reference year: 2014

    Type of counting: Headcount

  • Website http://www.uniarts.se

Institutions involved

  • Stockholm Academy of Dramatic Arts spe
  • Swedish University of Dance and Circus spe
  • University College of Opera spe
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City sheet

Växjö

Linnaeus University

  • Location Several cities

    Merger year 2010

  • Number of students 31000

    Reference year: 2014

    Type of counting: Headcount

    Number of students 14336

    Reference year: 2014

    Type of counting: FTE

  • Website http://www.lnu.se

Institutions involved

  • University of Kalmar uni
  • Växjö University uni
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Country sheet

Ukraine

List of mergers

Total of mergers

  • 2000
  • 2001
  • 2002
  • 2003
  • 2004
  • 2005
  • 2006
  • 2007
  • 2008
  • 2009
  • 2010
  • 2011
  • 2012
  • 2013
  • 2014
  • 2015
  • 2016
  • 2017
  • 2018
  • 2019
  • 2020
  • 2021
  • 2022
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Country sheet

United Kingdom